Thymelaea lythroides Barratte & Murb.
Spa.: Boalaga. Fre.: Passerine. Ara.: Agaras, metenan, metnan, ftitisha.
Shrub up to 100 cm in height, dioecious (sometimes with male flowers on female plants). Older stems glabrescent and without leaves. Young stems covered by a dense white tomentum, consisting of short, dense and appressed hairs, and with other hairs longer, scattered and erect-patent. Leaves appressed-imbricate at the end of young stems, but ± spaced and patent towards the base of the stems; 4-12 × 1.5-5 mm, ovate-lanceolate, flat —but with an incurved apex—, sessile, coriaceous, persistent, with slightly involute margins, with a dense and white tomentum on the adaxial surface, and glabrous and green on the abaxial surface. Inflorescences in glomeruli, with 2-12 flowers, ebracteate, located at the end of short branches. Flowers unisexual (male flowers with rudimentary ovary), 4-6.5 mm, infundibuliform, yellow or yellow-greenish; hypanthium tomentose; sepals 1-1.5 mm, ovate, obtuse, the overlapping pair of sepals with a partial indumentum on their inner face. Anthers orange. Style apical. Fruit nuciform, included in the hypanthium, with membranous pericarp and variable hairiness. Seeds 1.8-3.5 × 1.7-2.1 mm, from conical-ovoid to pyriform, with straight apex and slightly prominent chalaza, without an aril.
Flowering:
December to May.
Fruiting:
February to July.
Habitat:
Quercus suber forests, ± degraded, on sandy soils, from almost sea level to about 150 m in altitude. In dry and subhumid bioclimate, mainly on thermomediterranean belt.
Distribution:
NW of Morocco and SW of the Iberian Peninsula.
Conservation status:
Locally common species, but with a small distribution area. In the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species it is listed as Least Concern (LC) at global level (Maguilla, 2022). In the Livre Rouge de la flore vasculaire du Maroc (Fennane, 2021) it has been considered as Vulnerable (VU).
