{"id":11825,"date":"2020-11-10T10:07:07","date_gmt":"2020-11-10T10:07:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/species\/abies-marocana-trab-3\/"},"modified":"2026-06-03T07:28:24","modified_gmt":"2026-06-03T07:28:24","slug":"abies-marocana-trab-3","status":"publish","type":"species","link":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/fr\/esp\u00e8ce\/abies-marocana-trab-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Abies marocana Trab."},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Arbre \u00e0 feuilles persistantes, mono\u00efque, \u00e0 port conique-columnaire atteignant jusqu\u2019\u00e0 40 m. Tronc droit de 1-1,5 m de diam\u00e8tre, \u00e0 \u00e9corce brun-cendr\u00e9, profond\u00e9ment fendill\u00e9e chez les plus vieux exemplaires. Rameaux g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement verticill\u00e9s qui naissent et se disposent perpendiculaires au tronc. Ramilles oppos\u00e9es ou verticill\u00e9es par 3, d\u2019o\u00f9 naissent perpendiculairement les feuilles en disposition radiale, plus ou moins tordues \u00e0 la base, donnant \u00e0 l\u2019ensemble des ramilles et feuilles un aspect un peu aplani au niveau des rameaux les plus bas et plus ou moins cylindrique au reste de l\u2019arbre. Feuilles (14-18 mm) aciculaires, sessiles, \u00e9paisses, l\u00e9g\u00e8rement tordues \u00e0 la base, rigides, la plupart aigu\u00ebs, piquantes, les autres obtuses, mais jamais \u00e9margin\u00e9es. C\u00f4nes m\u00e2les ovo\u00efdes (1-1,5 cm), rouge\u00e2tres et sessiles. C\u00f4nes femelles cylindriques (2-3 cm), verd\u00e2tres et sessiles. Strobiles cylindriques (10-16 \u00d7 3-5 cm), dress\u00e9s, d\u00e9hiscents tr\u00e8s t\u00f4t apr\u00e8s la maturit\u00e9, ne demeurant sur l\u2019arbre une grande partie de l\u2019ann\u00e9e que les axes dress\u00e9s o\u00f9 \u00e9taient dispos\u00e9es les \u00e9cailles.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","short_name":"Abies marocana","name_html":"<strong>Abies marocana<\/strong> Trab.","short_description":"","common_names":"<em>A. pinsapo<\/em> subsp. <em>marocana <\/em>(Trab.) Emberger &amp; Maire. <em>A. pinsapo <\/em>var. <em>marocana<\/em> (Trab.) Ceballos &amp; Mart\u00edn Bola\u00f1os.","other_name":"<em>Fra.<\/em>: Sapin du Maroc, sapin du Rif.\u00a0\u00a0 <em>Esp<\/em>.: Pinsapo rife\u00f1o, abeto rife\u00f1o.\u00a0\u00a0 <em>Ang.<\/em>: Moroccan fir.\u00a0\u00a0 <em>Ara<\/em>.: Echuh, chohh, chokh, esnubara, snuber.","flowering":"avril-mai.","fruiting":"le strobile est compl\u00e8tement form\u00e9 au mois de juin, montrant alors une couleur verd\u00e2tre-blanch\u00e2tre, qui tourne au brun\u00e2tre au mois d\u2019ao\u00fbt, la d\u00e9hiscence et la dispersion des graines se produisant de fin ao\u00fbt \u00e0 fin octobre.","habitat":"Montagnes calcaires, \u00e0 brouillard et pr\u00e9cipitations abondantes, de (1000)1200 \u00e0 2100 m d\u2019altitude. En zones \u00e0 bioclimat subhumide \u00e0 hyperhumide, aux \u00e9tages supram\u00e9diterran\u00e9en et orom\u00e9diterran\u00e9en. Elle forme des for\u00eats pures denses, ou appara\u00eet parfois m\u00e9lang\u00e9e au sein de for\u00eats plus ou moins mixtes avec <em>Cedrus atlantica<\/em>,<em> Pinus nigra<\/em>,<em> P. pinaster<\/em>,<em> Quercus rotundifolia<\/em> ou<em> Q. faginea.<\/em>","distribution":"End\u00e9mique du Rif occidental (montagnes de la r\u00e9gion de Chefchaouen : massif de Tallassemtane \u2013Djebel Lakraa, Djebel Tazaot, etc.\u2013 et Djebel Kelti).","observations":"Chez les arbres andalous (<em>A. pinsapo<\/em> Boiss.), les bract\u00e9es sont \u00e9margin\u00e9es et mucron\u00e9es et 1\/3 \u00e0 1\/4 plus courtes que les \u00e9cailles ovulif\u00e8res, qui sont aussi longues que larges. Chez les arbres du Rif, les bract\u00e9es sont subul\u00e9es et moiti\u00e9 plus courtes que les \u00e9cailles ovulif\u00e8res, qui sont plus larges que longues. D\u2019autres diff\u00e9rences identifi\u00e9es r\u00e9sident dans le port des arbres et la taille des feuilles et des strobiles. On a voulu s\u00e9parer les deux peuplements au niveau sp\u00e9cifique (Maire, 1961 ; Fennane <em>et al<\/em>., 1999 ; Vald\u00e9s <em>et al<\/em>., 2002 ; Dobignard et Chatelain, 2012), bien que pour de nombreux auteurs (Ruiz de la Torre, 1979 ; L\u00f3pez, 1982 ; Franco, 1987 ; Farjon, 1990, 2010 ; <em>The Plant List<\/em>, 2012), cette s\u00e9paration ne semble pas justifi\u00e9e. Une autre pol\u00e9mique concerne <em>A. tazaotana<\/em> C\u00f3zar ex Villar (<em>A. pinsapo <\/em>var. <em>tazaotana <\/em>(C\u00f3zar ex Villar) Pourt. &amp; Trump), end\u00e9mique du Djebel Tazaot (Rif occidental), qui se diff\u00e9rencie fondamentalement par sa grande taille (30-50 m), son houppier ovo\u00efde, ses ramilles flexibles et retombantes et ses strobiles plus grands (16-20 \u00d7 4-6 cm). Ce sapin vit \u00e0 seulement une dizaine de kilom\u00e8tres de <em>A. maroccana,<\/em> et il existe des arbres \u00e0 caract\u00e9ristiques interm\u00e9diaires entre les deux taxons. Ces deux faits amen\u00e8rent Sanchez C\u00f3zar lui-m\u00eame \u00e0 la conclusion que le rang sp\u00e9cifique n\u2019\u00e9tait pas pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment le plus ad\u00e9quat pour sa nouvelle esp\u00e8ce, qualifi\u00e9e de sous-esp\u00e8ce ou de vari\u00e9t\u00e9 par des auteurs post\u00e9rieurs, et aujourd\u2019hui de simple variation morphologique locale.","conservation":"Esp\u00e8ce localement commune, mais \u00e0 aire de r\u00e9partition tr\u00e8s restreinte. \u00c9valu\u00e9e comme <em>A. pinsapo <\/em>var. <em>marocana<\/em> dans la Liste rouge des esp\u00e8ces de l\u2019UICN, elle y est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme En danger (EN) (Alaui <em>et al<\/em>., 2011). Au Maroc, elle est incluse dans la Liste des esp\u00e8ces n\u00e9cessitant une autorisation pour toute utilisation \u00e0 des fins commerciales (loi 29-2005 et d\u00e9cret 2-12-484 du 21 mai 2015).","genus":false,"images":[{"ID":"25941","post_author":"1","post_date":"2021-01-04 13:16:19","post_date_gmt":"2021-01-04 13:16:19","post_content":"","post_title":"Abies marocana. 1. Joaquin Molero","post_excerpt":"Abies marocana. Port et habitat dans le Rif occidental. Joaquin Molero.","post_status":"inherit","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"abies-marocana-1-joaquin-molero-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2026-06-03 07:28:25","post_modified_gmt":"2026-06-03 07:28:25","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"11825","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Abies-marocana.-1.-Joaquin-Molero.jpg","menu_order":"0","post_type":"attachment","post_mime_type":"image\/jpeg","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"17831","element_type":"post_attachment","element_id":"25941","trid":"118057","language_code":"fr","source_language_code":"es","id":"4","code":"fr","english_name":"French","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"fr_FR","tag":"fr","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"25941"},{"ID":"25943","post_author":"1","post_date":"2021-01-04 13:16:21","post_date_gmt":"2021-01-04 13:16:21","post_content":"","post_title":"Abies marocana. 2. Jes\u00fas Charco","post_excerpt":"Abies marocana. Rameau avec feuilles et c\u00f4nes m\u00e2les. Jes\u00fas Charco.","post_status":"inherit","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"abies-marocana-2-jesus-charco-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2026-06-03 07:28:25","post_modified_gmt":"2026-06-03 07:28:25","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"11825","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Abies-marocana.-2.-Jesus-Charco.jpg","menu_order":"0","post_type":"attachment","post_mime_type":"image\/jpeg","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"17833","element_type":"post_attachment","element_id":"25943","trid":"118058","language_code":"fr","source_language_code":"es","id":"4","code":"fr","english_name":"French","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"fr_FR","tag":"fr","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"25943"},{"ID":"25945","post_author":"1","post_date":"2021-01-04 13:16:21","post_date_gmt":"2021-01-04 13:16:21","post_content":"","post_title":"Abies marocana. 3. Jes\u00fas Charco","post_excerpt":"Abies marocana. Rameau avec feuilles et c\u00f4ne femelle. Jes\u00fas Charco.","post_status":"inherit","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"abies-marocana-3-jesus-charco-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2026-06-03 07:28:25","post_modified_gmt":"2026-06-03 07:28:25","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"11825","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Abies-marocana.-3.-Jesus-Charco.jpg","menu_order":"0","post_type":"attachment","post_mime_type":"image\/jpeg","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"17835","element_type":"post_attachment","element_id":"25945","trid":"118059","language_code":"fr","source_language_code":"es","id":"4","code":"fr","english_name":"French","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"fr_FR","tag":"fr","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"25945"},{"ID":"25947","post_author":"1","post_date":"2021-01-04 13:16:22","post_date_gmt":"2021-01-04 13:16:22","post_content":"","post_title":"Abies marocana. 4. Jes\u00fas Charco","post_excerpt":"Abies marocana. Rameau avec feuilles et c\u00f4ne femelle au d\u00e9but de la d\u00e9hiscence. Jes\u00fas Charco.","post_status":"inherit","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"abies-marocana-4-jesus-charco-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2026-06-03 07:28:25","post_modified_gmt":"2026-06-03 07:28:25","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"11825","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Abies-marocana.-4.-Jesus-Charco.jpg","menu_order":"0","post_type":"attachment","post_mime_type":"image\/jpeg","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"17837","element_type":"post_attachment","element_id":"25947","trid":"118060","language_code":"fr","source_language_code":"es","id":"4","code":"fr","english_name":"French","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"fr_FR","tag":"fr","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"25947"},{"ID":"25949","post_author":"1","post_date":"2021-01-04 13:16:22","post_date_gmt":"2021-01-04 13:16:22","post_content":"","post_title":"Abies marocana. 5. Jes\u00fas Charco","post_excerpt":"Abies marocana. For\u00eat mixte avec Quercus faginea dans le Parc National de Talassemtane (Maroc). Jes\u00fas Charco.","post_status":"inherit","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"abies-marocana-5-jesus-charco-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2026-06-03 07:28:25","post_modified_gmt":"2026-06-03 07:28:25","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"11825","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Abies-marocana.-5.-Jesus-Charco.jpg","menu_order":"0","post_type":"attachment","post_mime_type":"image\/jpeg","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"17839","element_type":"post_attachment","element_id":"25949","trid":"118061","language_code":"fr","source_language_code":"es","id":"4","code":"fr","english_name":"French","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"fr_FR","tag":"fr","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"25949"},{"ID":"25951","post_author":"1","post_date":"2021-01-04 13:16:23","post_date_gmt":"2021-01-04 13:16:23","post_content":"","post_title":"Abies marocana. 6. 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Jes\u00fas Charco.","post_status":"inherit","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"abies-marocana-6-jesus-charco-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2026-06-03 07:28:26","post_modified_gmt":"2026-06-03 07:28:26","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"11825","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Abies-marocana.-6.-Jesus-Charco.jpg","menu_order":"0","post_type":"attachment","post_mime_type":"image\/jpeg","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"17841","element_type":"post_attachment","element_id":"25951","trid":"118062","language_code":"fr","source_language_code":"es","id":"4","code":"fr","english_name":"French","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"fr_FR","tag":"fr","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"25951"}],"map_legend":"","kml":false,"zone_1":"","zone_2":"[\" -5.323905899999943,35.39072930000003\",\" -5.330429099999947,35.37743370000004\",\" -5.333347299999957,35.35965620000007\",\" -5.328369099999975,35.33753380000007\",\" -5.323219299999948,35.31988750000005\",\" -5.318756099999973,35.30055630000004\",\" -5.311889599999972,35.27911840000007\",\" -5.285797099999968,35.27561490000005\",\" -5.270004299999926,35.28374270000006\",\" -5.251636499999961,35.29355110000006\",\" -5.242881799999964,35.31078280000003\",\" -5.240478499999938,35.33235230000003\",\" -5.238761899999929,35.35699620000003\",\" -5.261421199999973,35.37015520000006\",\" -5.29918669999995,35.37799350000006\",\" -5.323905899999943,35.39072930000003\",\" \"]","zone_3":"","zone_4":"","zone_5":"","zone_6":"","zone_7":"","zone_8":"","zone_9":"","zone_10":"","zone_11":"","zone_12":"","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.6.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Abies marocana Trab. - North Africa Trees<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Abies marocana Trab. - North Africa Trees\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Arbre \u00e0 feuilles persistantes, mono\u00efque, \u00e0 port conique-columnaire atteignant jusqu\u2019\u00e0 40 m. Tronc droit de 1-1,5 m de diam\u00e8tre, \u00e0 \u00e9corce brun-cendr\u00e9, profond\u00e9ment fendill\u00e9e chez les plus vieux exemplaires. Rameaux g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement verticill\u00e9s qui naissent et se disposent perpendiculaires au tronc. Ramilles oppos\u00e9es ou verticill\u00e9es par 3, d\u2019o\u00f9 naissent perpendiculairement les feuilles en disposition radiale, plus...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/fr\/esp\u00e8ce\/abies-marocana-trab-3\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"North Africa Trees\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-06-03T07:28:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture est.\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\">\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/#organization\",\"name\":\"North \\u00e1frica trees\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/\",\"sameAs\":[],\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/#logo\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/logo-north-africa-trees.png\",\"width\":80,\"height\":70,\"caption\":\"North \\u00e1frica trees\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/#logo\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/\",\"name\":\"North Africa Trees\",\"description\":\"\\u00c1rboles y arbustos aut\\u00f3ctonos del Norte de \\u00c1frica\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/?s={search_term_string}\",\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/fr\/esp\\u00e8ce\/abies-marocana-trab-3\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/fr\/esp\\u00e8ce\/abies-marocana-trab-3\/\",\"name\":\"Abies marocana Trab. - North Africa Trees\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2020-11-10T10:07:07+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-06-03T07:28:24+00:00\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/fr\/esp\\u00e8ce\/abies-marocana-trab-3\/\"]}]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/species\/11825"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/species"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/species"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11825"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}