{"id":13506,"date":"2020-11-10T10:09:20","date_gmt":"2020-11-10T10:09:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/species\/sonchus-pinnatifidus-cav\/"},"modified":"2021-10-27T08:54:35","modified_gmt":"2021-10-27T08:54:35","slug":"sonchus-pinnatifidus-cav","status":"publish","type":"species","link":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/en\/species\/sonchus-pinnatifidus-cav\/","title":{"rendered":"Sonchus pinnatifidus Cav."},"content":{"rendered":"

Shrub, laticiferous, up to 2(2.5) m in height, with woody stems at the base and tortuous branches, fragile, with white bark. Leaves alternate, glabrous, arranged in rosettes on upper parts of the branches, up to 16 \u00d7 7 cm, petiolate, with leaf blade elliptic or oblanceolate, pinnatifid, with segments alternate, oblong-lanceolate, wide, acute and mucronate. Capitula pedunculate, up to 2 cm in diameter, grouped in broad lax terminal corymbs, peduncle with some bracteiform leaves and thickened in the upper part. Involucre ovoid, with several rows of imbricate bracts, narrowly ovate or linear, acute. Receptacle bare, without scales or hairs. Flowers all ligulate, numerous, deep yellow. Achenes oblongish, slightly compressed, with pappus formed by 2 rows of long scabrid hairs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","short_name":"Sonchus pinnatifidus","name_html":"Sonchus pinnatifidus<\/strong> Cav.","short_description":"","common_names":"","other_name":"Spa<\/em>.: Cerraj\u00f3n.\u00a0\u00a0 Ara<\/em>.:\/Tam<\/em>.: Tifaf.","flowering":"March to May.","fruiting":"May to July.","habitat":"Rupicolous, found in littoral cliffs and inland.","distribution":"Endemic to the Canary Islands (La Graciosa, Lanzarote and Fuerteventura) and western Morocco. In Morocco it is found from the area between Saf\u00ed and Dr\u00e2a River, up to the western region of the Anti-Atlas.","observations":"S. pinnatifidus<\/em> belongs to the Macaronesian element, since it is part of the subgenus Dendrosonchus<\/em> Sch.Bip., composed of about 20 subshrubby or shrubby woody species, all but this one endemic to the Canary Islands (16 species) and Madeira (3 species).","conservation":"Rare species and with a small distribution area. Currently, it has not been assessed at a global level in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species<\/em>.","genus":[{"short_name":"Sonchus","name_html":"Sonchus<\/strong> L.","short_description":"","references":"Aldridge, A.A. 1976. Macaronesian Sonchus<\/em> subgenus Dendrosonchus<\/em> s. l. (Compositae-Lactuceae), including a reappraisal of the species concept and new combinations. Bot. Macaronesica 2: 81-93.","custom_author":"B. Vald\u00e9s.","family":{"10974":{"name_html":"COMPOSITAE<\/strong> Giseke (ASTERACEAE Bercht. & J. Presl)","short_name":"COMPOSITAE","short_description":"","references":"","custom_author":"B. Vald\u00e9s & J. Charco.","genuses":[{"ID":"11080","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:14","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:14","post_content":"Genus composed of about 150 species, mainly in temperate areas of the Old World, represented in North Africa by 8 species, among which A. fragantissim<\/a>a<\/strong>, a subshrub of up to 1 m, stands out for its larger size.\r\n\r\nAnother species traditionally in this genus but is now in Otanthus <\/strong>Hoffmanns. & Link, is O. maritimus <\/strong>(L.) Hoffmanns. & Link [A. maritima<\/em> (L.) Ehrend. & Y.P.Guo], with stems somewhat lignified at the base but hardly reaching 0.5 m in height, erect or extended-erect, not ramose; stems and leaves completely covered in white hairs that give the plant a general whitish appearance; leaves 1-1.5 cm, from oblong to oblong-lanceolate, entire but with a slightly dentante margin; inflorescence corymbiform, with all flowers in disc florets, yellow. It grows on littoral dunes of the NE Atlantic (from Iceland to the Canary Islands) and the Mediterranean. In North Africa from Morocco to Egypt.","post_title":"Achillea L.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"achillea-l-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-09-19 20:03:20","post_modified_gmt":"2021-09-19 20:03:20","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/achillea-l-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1011","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11080","trid":"114034","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11080"},{"ID":"11095","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:15","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:15","post_content":"

Genus composed of only 2 species, both typical of the Saharan-Arabian region.<\/p>","post_title":"Anvillea DC.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"anvillea-dc-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2020-11-10 09:01:15","post_modified_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:15","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/anvillea-dc-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1026","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11095","trid":"114039","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11095"},{"ID":"11071","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:14","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:14","post_content":"Genus composed of about 480 species, widely dispersed throughout the northern Hemisphere. In North Africa it is represented by some 22 species, distributed mainly through the Mediterranean area. In general, they are chamephytes smaller than 50 cm, although sometimes species such as A. judaica<\/strong> and A. absinthium<\/strong> can reach up to 1 m in height. Only one species, A. arborescens<\/strong>, can be considered truly shrubby. Among the other species, the following stand out as the most robust:\r\n\r\nA. campestris<\/strong> and A. herba-alba<\/strong> are Mediterranean, missing almost entirely from the northern Sahara but with isolated populations in the mountainous massifs of the central Sahara as vestiges of the past, when these mountains were covered by Mediterranean vegetation.\r\n\r\nAlthough small in size, usually smaller than 50 cm, there are 3 species that can become very common. The 3 with more or less whitish young twigs because they are covered with white hairs. They are:\r\n\r\n A. herba-alba<\/strong> Asso (Fre.:<\/em> Armoise blanche, Tamahaq<\/em>: Zazar\u00e9). One of the most common species. It is very polymorphic and numerous subspecies have been described that have often been elevated to the rank of species. It differs by its very small adult leaves (2-8 mm long), greenish-greyish, with very narrow, filiform segments (less than 1 mm wide); elongated, narrow capitula (1-3 mm wide), with few flowers (3-6); it grows in dry areas in the southern Mediterranean region.\r\n\r\n A. barrelieri <\/strong>Besser, which is up to 0.7 m in height and characterised by its adult leaves (1-2.5 cm), bipinnate, with terminal linear-spatulate segments, less than 1 mm wide, and ovoid floral capitula, 2.5-3 mm in diameter, homogamous (with all flowers hermaphrodite); it is endemic to the SE Iberian Peninsula and the N of Morocco.\r\n\r\n A. alba <\/strong>Turra (A. fruticosa <\/em>Asso), with woody stems at the base, glabrescent and greenish leaves, with segments 1-2 mm wide and capitula (3-4 mm wide) in narrow spiciform inflorescences. It is a Mediterranean plant that has 2 subspecies in North Africa: subsp. chitachensis <\/strong>Maire, endemic to Morocco, and subsp. kabylica <\/strong>(Chabert) Greuter, endemic to Algeria (western Kabylia: A\u00efn El Hammam).\r\n\r\nSome species and more specifically, A. herba-alba<\/em>, play a very important role in the formation of vast North African landscapes, mainly in steppic zones, where these chamaephytes are often dominant.\r\n\r\nCommon and widely distributed species. Currently, they has not been assessed at a global level in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species<\/em>.","post_title":"Artemisia L.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"artemisia-l-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2022-12-07 10:10:19","post_modified_gmt":"2022-12-07 10:10:19","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/artemisia-l-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1002","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11071","trid":"114031","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11071"},{"ID":"11092","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:15","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:15","post_content":"Genus composed of 10 species, represented in North Africa by 6 species, of which 2 are herbaceous and 4 are subshrubby and small in size (up to 1.5 m), typical of desert and subdesert areas. The only one that can be considered shrub is A. pinifolius<\/strong>. The other 3 woody species barely exceed the 50 cm of height and are well differentiated from the previous species for being eglandular, they are:\r\n\r\nA<\/strong>. graveolens<\/strong> (Forssk.) Less [Nauplius graveolens<\/em> (Forssk.) Wiklund] (Eng: <\/em>Ox-eye. Ara<\/em>.: Negued, robd, rabd, rabi. Tam<\/em>.\/Tamahaq<\/em>: Akatkat, hasnem, amio, amayu, tafsat, oukout). The most widely distributed. It is characterized by its whitish branches; leaves linear, generally entire (the lower and middle leaves with a few teeth spaced apart), green-whitish due to being mostly covered with white-greyish hairs. Of Saharo-Arabian distribution, in North Africa it grows from the Anti-Atlas and the lower regions of the Moroccan High-Atlas, with a few populations in the Sus Valley, throughout all of the Sahara up to Egypt, including the Sinai Peninsula. The other 2 species have wider leaves, fleshy, obovate-spatulate, not linear.\r\n\r\n A. imbricatus<\/strong> (Cav.) DC. (Ara<\/em>.: Adrine) is distinguished form the previous species mainly by its leaves, that are spatulate, with dentate-spinulous margin; the leaves that surround the capitula are oblong-elliptic, with entire margin. Endemic to the sandy and stony areas of the western Sahara and the western Anti-Atlas, with some populations in the Middle Atlantic Morocco.\r\n\r\n A. schultzii<\/strong> (Bolle) Pit. & Proust (Odontospermum schultzii<\/em> Bolle). It is the smallest species, barely 15 cm in height, with leaves hairy with ciliated margins; floral capitula with central yellow flowers and ray florets white or white-yellowish. It was believed to be endemic to the eastern Canary Islands but it is distributed more widely in dry and subdesert areas of the continent, next to the coastline, from the western Sahara up to Sus.\r\n\r\nA closely related genus to Asteriscus<\/em> is Pallenis <\/strong>(Cass.) Cass., which differs mainly by presenting achenes of ray florets (with 3 lobes) flat. It is represented in North Africa by 6 species, all in the Mediterranean and Irano-Turanian areas. Two of these species have woody stems.\r\n\r\n P. maritima <\/strong>(L.) Greuter [A. maritimus<\/em> (L.) Less.], is a decumbent chamaephyte up to 40 cm in height, endemic to the western Mediterranean; with dense branching and oblong-ovate or spatulate leaves, with capitula sessile or very shortly pedunculate, surrounded by involucral leaves similar to the cauline leaves and unarmed, and flowers with ray florets (with 3 lobes), yellow-golden or lemon-yellow and darker disc florets. Peripheral achenes have no wings. It is found on cliffs and in littoral and inland rocky outcrops in Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia.\r\n\r\n P. teknensis<\/strong> (Dobignard & Jacquemoud) Greuter & Jury, is endemic SW Morocco, and it differs from the previous species essentially by having peripheral achenes with broad wings.\r\n\r\nCurrently, none of these species has been assessed at a global level in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species<\/em>.","post_title":"Asteriscus Mill.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"asteriscus-mill-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2023-05-28 20:23:05","post_modified_gmt":"2023-05-28 20:23:05","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/asteriscus-mill-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1023","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11092","trid":"114038","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11092"},{"ID":"11047","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:12","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:12","post_content":"Carthamus<\/strong> (incl. Phonus<\/em> Hill, and Carduncellus<\/em> Adans., p.p.) is composed of about 48 species, distributed mainly in the dry regions of Europe, North Africa and western Asia. In North Africa it is represented by 3 species of spinescent shrubs, one equally spinescent subshub (C. mareoticus <\/em>Delile) and 16 annual or perennial species sometimes with the base of the stems hardened.","post_title":"Carthamus L.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"carthamus-l-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-12-19 20:38:39","post_modified_gmt":"2021-12-19 20:38:39","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/carthamus-l-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"978","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11047","trid":"114023","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11047"},{"ID":"11056","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:13","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:13","post_content":"

Gender composed of more than 730 species, distributed through temperate areas of the northern hemisphere, with the greatest diversity in the Mediterranean region. They are mostly annual or perennial herbaceous plants, with some woody and shrubby species. Plants are unarmed, except for the bracts of the capitula, although the margin of leaves can be spinulose. All species have capitula with all flowers in disc florets, of which frequently the outer florets are sterile, with an involucre formed by several rows of coriaceous bracts, generally with a spiny apical appendage frequently decurrent. Achenes are usually ovoid and pubescent and with lateral-subbasal hilum, with a pappus formed by several rows of scabrid or subplumose setae or scales. In North Africa it is represented by some 70 species, several of them with various subspecies, of which approximately a third are sometimes very localised endemics. They are all herbaceous, except for C. scoparia<\/strong>, a subshrub up to 50 cm in height, typical of the deserts of the E of Egypt and the Near East, and C. debdouensis<\/strong>, a small subshrub up to 30(40) cm in height, from the arid areas of NE Morocco.<\/p>","post_title":"Centaurea L.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"centaurea-l-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2020-11-10 09:01:13","post_modified_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:13","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/centaurea-l-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"987","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11056","trid":"114026","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11056"},{"ID":"11053","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:13","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:13","post_content":"

Genus composed of some 26 species from the western Mediterranean region, and from Macaronesia, of which more than half are endemic to the Canary Islands, usually with small distribution areas. This genus is closely related to Centaurea<\/em>, but the involucral bracts are not spiny, as is typical of Centaurea<\/em> species; instead they have an apical appendage that is pectinate or fimbriate and unarmed. In North Africa it is represented by 3 endemic species, of which one (C. mauritanicus<\/strong>) is a true shrub up to 1.5 m height, and the other 2 are subshrubs, which barely reach 1 m in height.<\/p>","post_title":"Cheirolophus Cass.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"cheirolophus-cass-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2020-11-10 09:01:13","post_modified_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:13","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/cheirolophus-cass-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"984","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11053","trid":"114025","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11053"},{"ID":"11101","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:16","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:16","post_content":"Genus composed of 10 species, Mediterranean and Saharan-Arabian, of which 8 are found in North Africa, including 4 subshrubby species. C. iphinioides<\/strong> is described, the other are:\r\n\r\nCh. sericeus<\/strong> (Batt. & Trab.) Brullo [Varthemia sericea<\/em> (Batt. & Trab.) Diels] is closely related to Ch. iphionoides.<\/em> It differs by having leaves that are narrower at the base, not clasping, mucronate, and by clearly pedunculate capitula and obconic involucre with applied bracts, by its yellow flowers and slightly compressed achenes. It is endemic to the massifs of Ahaggar \u00a0and Tassili n'Ajjer in the central Algerian Sahara and Libya (Cyrenaica).\r\n\r\nCh. candicans<\/strong> (Delile) Brullo [Varthemia candicans<\/em> (Delile) Boiss.] (Ara<\/em>.: Za\u2019ter el-homar), it differs from Ch. iphionoides<\/em> mainly by its velutinous indumentum and by its larger and linear lower leaves (30-40 mm). It is found in coastal dunes of Libya and Egypt, including the Sinai Peninsula and its distribution area extends to Syria.\r\n\r\nCh. montanus <\/strong>(Vahl) Brullo [Varthemia montana<\/em> (Vahl) Boiss.] (Ara<\/em>.: Heneida, neheida), differs from Ch. iphionoides<\/em> by its larger size (sometimes exceeding 1 m in height), with less dense branching, by the yellowing of the indumentum due to the presence of abundant yellow glands, and by more opened inflorescences with larger capitula, with involucre about 12 mm long, with narrowly oblong bracts. It is found in desert areas of the Middle East, in rocky areas of deserts in the E of Egypt and the Sinai Peninsula.\r\n\r\nRare species with a small distribution area. Currently, they have not been assessed at a global level in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species<\/em>.","post_title":"Chiliadenus Cass.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"chiliadenus-cass-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-09-19 18:32:11","post_modified_gmt":"2021-09-19 18:32:11","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/chiliadenus-cass-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1032","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11101","trid":"114041","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11101"},{"ID":"11110","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:16","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:16","post_content":"Genus composed of 2 species, traditionally placed under the genus Inula <\/em>L. Both present in North Africa, one is herbaceous [D. graveolens<\/em> (L.) Greuter] and the other woody (D. viscosa<\/strong><\/a>).\r\n\r\nA closely related species (formerly in the same genus Inula<\/em>) is Limbarda crithmoides<\/strong> (L.) Dumort., (Inula crithmoides<\/em> L.) [Ara<\/em>. (Egypt): Hatab zeiti]. Smaller in size, up to 0.8(1) m in height, also with woody stems and somewhat tortuous at the base, then very upright and less woody until they become herbaceous. Unlike D. viscosa<\/em>, it is a glabrous plant, with leaves 2-6 \u00d7 0.2-0.8 cm, fleshy, linear, with entire margin or with tridentate apex. Achenes slightly smaller than those of D. viscosa<\/em> (1.5-2.5 mm), with pappus formed by scabrid hairs, free at the base. It is found in North Africa from Morocco to Egypt in littoral marshes and rocky outcrops and inland humid areas with brackish or saline soils. Common and widespread species. Currently, it has not been assessed at a global level in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species<\/em>.","post_title":"Dittrichia Greuter","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"dittrichia-greuter-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-09-19 18:06:35","post_modified_gmt":"2021-09-19 18:06:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/dittrichia-greuter-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1041","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11110","trid":"114044","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11110"},{"ID":"11086","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:15","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:15","post_content":"Genus composed of about 500 species, most of them from the Old World but reaching Australia in the SE. In North Africa it is represented by 6-10 species, mostly widely distributed in the Mediterranean region and Macaronesia. Although some species are hemicryptophytes slightly or not woody, such as H. lacteum<\/em> Coss. & Durieu (incl. H. raynalianum<\/em> Qu\u00e9zel) from Morocco, Algeria and Libya, or H. glumaceum<\/em> DC. with the flower capitula long and narrow (1.5-2 \u00d7 2.5-5 mm), arranged in nearly all directions (not only upwards as in the rest of these species), with only 7-9 flowers and white involucral bracts, it grows mainly in the countries of the western Indian Ocean (East Africa and Arabian Peninsula) reaching the western Sahara through the Sahel. They are usually plants with stems woody at the base, then herbaceous, which rarely exceed 60 cm. Numerous species have been cited in North Africa, but recent studies have grouped most of the woody taxa in just 4 species. Here we will describe the most common, H. stoechas<\/strong>, the other 3 are:\r\n\r\n H. italicum<\/strong> (Roth) G.Don is well differentiated by being an upright plant and well above ground (up to 0.8 cm), with longer leaves, 30-60 mm, cylindrical involucre only 2-4 mm wide, and bracts very imbricated, with outer bracts tougher, coriaceous. Species with great infraspecific variability. Currently species such as H. serotinum<\/em> Boiss. & Reut. and H. picardii<\/em> Boiss. & Reut., are included within this variability.\r\n\r\n H. pendulum<\/strong> C.Presl. also presents subglobose involucres as in H. stoechas<\/em>, but it differs from the above species by having a dense tomentum of white hairs covering stems and both sides of leaves, giving the plant a whitish appearance. It also has a great morphological complexity but since 2010 some authors (Crespo & Mateo) proposed to include 2 species present in North Africa (H. fontanesii<\/em> Cambess. and H. boissieri<\/em> Nyman) within the infraspecific variability of H. pendulum<\/em>, which was subsequently confirmed by genetic studies (Herrando-Moraira et al.<\/em>, 2017).\r\n\r\n H. orientale<\/strong> (L.) Vaill. is well differentiated by its whitish appearance, leaves from oblong-lanceolate to spatulate, flat, with margin not revolute and very prominent ligules (in other North African species ligules are hardly seen). Species from the eastern Mediterranean, from Greece to Egypt and littoral and sublittoral areas of Asia between Turkey and Palestine.\r\n\r\nSpecies with diverse distribution areas although none of them seem threatened. Currently, none of them has been assessed at a global level in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species<\/em>.","post_title":"Helichrysum Mill.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"helichrysum-mill-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-09-19 19:56:00","post_modified_gmt":"2021-09-19 19:56:00","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/helichrysum-mill-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1017","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11086","trid":"114036","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11086"},{"ID":"11074","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:14","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:14","post_content":"Genus composed of 9 species of African distribution. In North Africa there are 2 species, with Mediterranean-Saharan distribution. Here is the most robust one:<\/span><\/span><\/span> H. maroccana<\/strong><\/a>, a shrub endemic to Morocco.\r\n\r\nThe another species is H. cheirifolia<\/em>, a perennial herb up to 1 m tall, with a hardened but non-woody basal area. Very dense stems and foliage. Leaves alternate, a little fleshy, oblong, mucronate, the lower ones cuneate, the upper ones sessile, with margins scabrous entire. Capitula about 4 cm in diameter, flowers yellow. It is an endemism of the steppe parts of NE Algeria and central Tunisia, from almost sea level (in Tunisia) to about 1400 m (Saharan Atlas, Algeria).","post_title":"Hertia Less.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"hertia-less-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2026-04-12 10:43:31","post_modified_gmt":"2026-04-12 10:43:31","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/hertia-less-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1005","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11074","trid":"114032","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11074"},{"ID":"11098","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:16","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:16","post_content":"

Genus composed of 9 Asian and African species, of which 2 are found in North Africa, in the deserts of the E of Egypt, including the Sinai Peninsula. These are shrubs up to 60 cm in height, with spiny leaves and capitula with flowers all in yellow disc florets.<\/p>","post_title":"Iphiona Cass.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"iphiona-cass-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2020-11-10 09:01:16","post_modified_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:16","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/iphiona-cass-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1029","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11098","trid":"114040","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11098"},{"ID":"11068","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:14","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:14","post_content":"Genus composed of about 60 species, mostly from tropical areas and from southern Africa, many of them succulent species. In North Africa, it is represented by a single species (K. anteuphorbium<\/strong><\/a>) endemic to Morocco, with robust cactiform stems and branche and with small and promptly deciduous leaves.","post_title":"Kleinia Mill.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"kleinia-mill-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-09-19 20:34:25","post_modified_gmt":"2021-09-19 20:34:25","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/kleinia-mill-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"999","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11068","trid":"114030","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11068"},{"ID":"11065","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:13","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:13","post_content":"Genus composed of some 150 species with a cosmopolitan distribution, but especially well represented through the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. They are generally annual, biennial or perennial herbaceous plants but, of the 11 species that represent this genus in North Africa, only one species is a woody subshrub that reaches 60 cm in height (L. orientalis<\/strong><\/a>), found in desert areas.","post_title":"Lactuca L.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"lactuca-l-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-09-19 20:37:39","post_modified_gmt":"2021-09-19 20:37:39","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/lactuca-l-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"996","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11065","trid":"114029","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11065"},{"ID":"11059","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:13","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:13","post_content":"Genus composed of about 60 species from the Old World, of which 16 are found in North Africa, distributed throughout the area. They are mostly annual or perennial herbaceous plants. Only L. arborescens<\/strong> can be considered shrubby with a height exceeding 1 m. There are two other woody species (at least at the base), thorny and intricately branched, typical of arid or desert areas of the region.<\/span><\/span> They are subshrubs that usually do not exceed 50 cm in height.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nLaunaea lanifera<\/strong> Pau (L. acanthoclada<\/em> Maire) is a subshrub up to 45(50) cm in height, which is very similar to L. arborescens<\/em>, but has a basal rosette of well developed leaves, with bracteiform cauline leaves, both with lanuginous axils. Endemic to the Iberian-Maghrebi area, it is found in sunny thickets in arid areas through almost all Morocco and in the N of Algeria and Tunisia.\r\n\r\nLaunaea spinosa<\/strong> (Forssk.) Kuntze [Ara<\/em>. (Egypt): Kabath] is a subshrub 30-50 cm in height, with scarce, linear cauline leaves, with some triangular lobes, glaucous and glabrous; capitula small and sessile, with 6-10 yellow ligulate flowers. Found on desert stony areas of the Near East; in North Africa it is found in the E of Egypt, including the Sinai Peninsula.","post_title":"Launaea Cass.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"launaea-cass-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2023-08-31 09:04:50","post_modified_gmt":"2023-08-31 09:04:50","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/launaea-cass-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"990","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11059","trid":"114027","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11059"},{"ID":"11107","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:16","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:16","post_content":"

Genus composed of 3 North African species, which are subshrubs with hardened or woody stems at the base, typical of arid and desert areas.<\/p>","post_title":"Perralderia Coss.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"perralderia-coss-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2020-11-10 09:01:16","post_modified_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:16","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/perralderia-coss-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1038","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11107","trid":"114043","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11107"},{"ID":"11089","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:15","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:15","post_content":"Genus composed of about 27 species generally with herbaceous stems or, when woody, usually only at the base, widely distributed in the Palaearctic. In North Africa it is represented by 10 species, among which P. calycinum<\/strong><\/a> stands out for its woody stems and larger size. The other species in North Africa barely exceed 0.5 m in height but often have stems with woody base. P. sordidum <\/strong>(L.) Rchb. is endemic to the Mediterranean western region; it can reach up to 40 cm in height and it is found in areas of low or medium mountain in NE Morocco, Algerian Tellian and N Tunisia. P. saxatile<\/strong> (L.) Cass. is endemic to the central and western Mediterranean and the Macaronesia; it does not exceed 50 cm in height and in North Africa it is found in most of N Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia and Libya. P. rupestre<\/strong> (L.) DC. is a subshrub of no more than 40 cm in height, from the Mediterranean and Macaron\u00e9sica regions; in North Africa it is found in the northern half of Morocco and N Algeria, Tunisia, Libya and Egypt, including the Sinai Peninsula. P.<\/strong> garamantum <\/strong>Maire is endemic to Algeria (Ahaggar Massif). P. bicolor<\/strong> Ball (P. atlanticum<\/em> Ball, nom illeg.) is endemic to Morocco (High Atlas and Middle Atlantic Morocco). P. latifolium<\/strong> Maire [Aliella latifolia<\/em> (Maire) Dobignard] is also endemic to Morocco (Anti-Atlas and High Atlas, between 1,700 and 2,700 m in altitude). A further 3 species are only found in Egypt: P. sinaicum<\/strong> Bornm. & Kneuck, with a distribution area from the Sinai Peninsula to Jordan; P. barbeyanum <\/strong>Asch. & Schweinf., found in the E of Egypt, including the Sinai Peninsula, and in the Near East; and P. nitidum <\/strong>Fresen., from the Near East, also found in the region of Jebel Elba and in the Sinai Peninsula. Currently, none of these species have been assessed at a global level in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species<\/em>. In the Red List of vascular plants of Egypt (Flora Aegyptiaca <\/em>Vol 1, 2000) P. sinaicum<\/em>is listed as \u201cRare\u201d. In Algeria P. garamantum <\/em>is included in the List of protected non cultivated flora (Executive Decree 12-03 on 4-Jan-2012).","post_title":"Phagnalon Cass.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"phagnalon-cass-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-09-19 19:37:42","post_modified_gmt":"2021-09-19 19:37:42","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/phagnalon-cass-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1020","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11089","trid":"114037","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11089"},{"ID":"11113","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:17","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:17","post_content":"

Genus composed of about 56 species distributed mainly through tropical and subtropical areas of almost the entire world. In North Africa it is represented by 2 species, both with tropical ecology. P. ovalis<\/strong>, that reaches the S of Morocco to the N, and P. dioscoridis <\/strong>that reaches almost to the Mediterranean in Egypt to the NE.<\/p>","post_title":"Pluchea Cass.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"pluchea-cass-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2020-11-10 09:01:17","post_modified_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:17","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/pluchea-cass-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1044","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11113","trid":"114045","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11113"},{"ID":"11050","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:12","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:12","post_content":"Genus composed of some 18 species, mainly herbaceous, of Mediterranean distribution. In North Africa, the genus is represented by 5 species, with 1 shrubby species, P. gnaphaloides<\/strong><\/a>.","post_title":"Ptilostemon Cass.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"ptilostemon-cass-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-09-19 20:56:51","post_modified_gmt":"2021-09-19 20:56:51","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/ptilostemon-cass-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"981","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11050","trid":"114024","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11050"},{"ID":"11104","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:16","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:16","post_content":"Genus composed of 68 species typical of the temperate and tropical areas of the Old World. In North Africa it is represented by 18 species, of which only P. undulata <\/strong><\/a>has woody stems at the base, while the other species are herbaceous annuals or, when perennial, with the base of stems only slightly or not at all lignified.","post_title":"Pulicaria Gaertn.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"pulicaria-gaertn-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-09-19 18:16:23","post_modified_gmt":"2021-09-19 18:16:23","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/pulicaria-gaertn-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1035","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11104","trid":"114042","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11104"},{"ID":"11083","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:15","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:15","post_content":"Genus composed of 3 shrubby or subshrubby species, one Asian species (R. <\/em>epapposum <\/em>Oliv.) and the other 2 species endemic to North Africa.","post_title":"Rhanterium Desf.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"rhanterium-desf-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-07-12 14:56:17","post_modified_gmt":"2021-07-12 14:56:17","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/rhanterium-desf-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1014","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11083","trid":"114035","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11083"},{"ID":"11077","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:14","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:14","post_content":"Genus composed of about 20 Euro-Mediterranean species, particularly diversified in the Iberian Peninsula, with 3 species in North Africa, 2 species are endemic (S. adscensionis<\/strong> and S. africana<\/strong>) and a further species is endemic to the Iberian Peninsula, Malta and NW Africa (S. pectinata<\/strong>). Although they are small in size (just 80 cm in height), they are often dominant species in certain plant formations and give character to the landscape.\r\n\r\nA very closely related taxon is the genus Pentzia<\/strong> Thunb, consisting of about 25 species, mostly from arid and desert areas of southern Africa, with 2 subshrubby species in the N. P. monodiana<\/strong> Maire (Tamahaq<\/em>: Tehatit) resembles Santolina spp. <\/em>for its size and general appearance, but the achenes have a pappus in the shape of a clearly liguliform membranous corona. This is a subshrub that barely reaches 50 cm in height, highly branched, with old branches with suberose bark and young branches with whitish sericeous indumentum, middle and upper leaves pinnatipartite and capitula c.<\/em> 1 cm in diameter, solitary, longly pedunculate, with involucral bracts, linear-lanceolate, with whitish scarious apex and all flowers in disc florets, golden-yellow. Endemic to the central Algerian Sahara, to the highlands of Ahaggar\u00a0 and Tassili n'Ajjer. P.<\/strong> hesperidum <\/strong>Maire & Wilczek is a small woody subshrub, of just 20 cm in height, with fleshy leaves, the middle and upper leaves with denticulate margin and outer involucral bracts ovate or oblong, with scarious pale brown apex. Endemic to the coastal cliffs and coastal plains of the Moroccan Sahara.\r\n\r\nAlso closely related is the genus Cladanthus<\/strong> Cass., composed of 5 Mediterranean species, all represented in North Africa. They are annual or perennial herbaceous plants, with a single suffruticose species. C. scariosus<\/strong> (Ball) Oberpr. & Vogt (Santolina scariosa<\/em> Ball, Ormenis scariosa<\/em> (Ball) Litard. & Maire) is similar to Santolina<\/em> and Pentzia<\/em> species by its appearance, size (just 50 cm in height) and solitary, longly pedunculate capitula. However, this subshrub clearly differs by having capitula with peripheral flowers in ray florets (with 3 lobes) as well as disc florets. Also, unlike Santolina<\/em> and Pentzia <\/em>species, the capitula present interfloral bracts in the receptacle. It is an endemic Moroccan species occupying arid mountainous areas at low and mid altitude in the Anti-Atlas, High Atlas, Middle Atlas and plateaux of eastern Morocco.\r\n\r\nCurrently, none of these species have been assessed at a global level in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species<\/em>. In Algeria P. monodiana <\/em>is included in the List of protected non cultivated flora (Executive Decree 12-03 on 4-Jan-2012).","post_title":"Santolina L.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"santolina-l-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-07-25 20:37:46","post_modified_gmt":"2021-07-25 20:37:46","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/santolina-l-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1008","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11077","trid":"114033","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11077"},{"ID":"11062","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:13","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:13","post_content":"Genus composed of about 130 species from Eurasia, Africa and Oceania. In North Africa it is represented by 13 annual or biennial herbaceous species, except one, S. pinnatifidus<\/strong><\/a>, which is a shrub up to 2(2.5) m in height.","post_title":"Sonchus L.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"sonchus-l-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-09-19 20:38:57","post_modified_gmt":"2021-09-19 20:38:57","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/sonchus-l-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"993","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11062","trid":"114028","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11062"},{"ID":"11044","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:12","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:12","post_content":"Monospecific genus (W. saharae<\/strong><\/a>) endemic to the NW of Africa, in the transitional area of the \u200b\u200bMediterranean, Macaronesian and Saharan vegetation.","post_title":"Warionia Benth. & Coss.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"warionia-benth-coss-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-09-19 21:00:58","post_modified_gmt":"2021-09-19 21:00:58","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/warionia-benth-coss-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"975","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11044","trid":"114022","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11044"}],"groups_keys":[{"ID":"21009","post_author":"1","post_date":"2021-01-07 08:34:03","post_date_gmt":"2021-01-07 08:34:03","post_content":"","post_title":"Capitula with all flowers ligulate. 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internal achenes with pappus \tformed by 3-5 setae with feathery apex","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"external-achenes-without-pappus-internal-achenes-with-pappus-formed-by-3-5-setae-with-feathery-apex","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-02-23 13:41:11","post_modified_gmt":"2021-02-23 13:41:11","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/family-group-key\/external-achenes-without-pappus-internal-achenes-with-pappus-formed-by-3-5-setae-with-feathery-apex\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"family_group_key","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"23958","element_type":"post_family_group_key","element_id":"32112","trid":"182864","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"32112"},{"ID":"32115","post_author":"1","post_date":"2021-02-23 13:41:12","post_date_gmt":"2021-02-23 13:41:12","post_content":"","post_title":"Achenes without pappus","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"achenes-without-pappus","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-02-23 13:41:12","post_modified_gmt":"2021-02-23 13:41:12","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/family-group-key\/achenes-without-pappus\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"family_group_key","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"23962","element_type":"post_family_group_key","element_id":"32115","trid":"182866","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"32115"},{"ID":"32118","post_author":"1","post_date":"2021-02-23 13:41:13","post_date_gmt":"2021-02-23 13:41:13","post_content":"","post_title":"Achenes clearly compressed. Capitula with more than 20 flowers","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"achenes-clearly-compressed-capitula-with-more-than-20-flowers","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-02-23 13:41:13","post_modified_gmt":"2021-02-23 13:41:13","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/family-group-key\/achenes-clearly-compressed-capitula-with-more-than-20-flowers\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"family_group_key","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"23966","element_type":"post_family_group_key","element_id":"32118","trid":"182868","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"32118"},{"ID":"32121","post_author":"1","post_date":"2021-02-23 13:41:13","post_date_gmt":"2021-02-23 13:41:13","post_content":"","post_title":"Capitula 30-40 cm long. Leaves sinuate-pinnatifid","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"capitula-30-40-cm-long-leaves-sinuate-pinnatifid","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-02-23 13:41:13","post_modified_gmt":"2021-02-23 13:41:13","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/family-group-key\/capitula-30-40-cm-long-leaves-sinuate-pinnatifid\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"family_group_key","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"23970","element_type":"post_family_group_key","element_id":"32121","trid":"182870","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"32121"},{"ID":"42512","post_author":"2","post_date":"2021-09-19 17:05:59","post_date_gmt":"2021-09-19 17:05:59","post_content":"","post_title":"All achenes without pappus","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"all-achenes-without-pappus","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-09-19 17:05:59","post_modified_gmt":"2021-09-19 17:05:59","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/?post_type=family_group_key&p=42512","menu_order":"0","post_type":"family_group_key","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"34374","element_type":"post_family_group_key","element_id":"42512","trid":"653548","language_code":"en","source_language_code":null,"id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"42512"},{"ID":"42513","post_author":"2","post_date":"2021-09-19 17:06:52","post_date_gmt":"2021-09-19 17:06:52","post_content":"","post_title":"Capitula with involucral leaves similar to cauline leaves and longer than the involucre","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"capitula-with-involucral-leaves-similar-to-cauline-leaves-and-longer-than-the-involucre-3","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-09-19 17:06:52","post_modified_gmt":"2021-09-19 17:06:52","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/?post_type=family_group_key&p=42513","menu_order":"0","post_type":"family_group_key","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"34375","element_type":"post_family_group_key","element_id":"42513","trid":"653549","language_code":"en","source_language_code":null,"id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"42513"}],"title_groups_keys":false,"images":false,"phylogenetic_order":"75","ID":10974,"post_title":"COMPOSITAE Giseke","post_content":"This is the largest family of vascular plants of the Palaearctic and one of the largest in the world, as it consists of some 1,910 genera and about 32,900 species. It consists mainly of herbaceous species, rarely trees, shrubs and lianas. It is distributed around the world, from the Arctic mountains to tropical rainforests. What all species have in common is their flowers, arranged in capitula surrounded by an involucre of bracts, with a \u00b1 enlarged, flat or convex receptacle on which flowers are inserted, which can be alveolate and have hairs or scales between the flowers. Flowers may be unisexual or hermaphrodite, and the North African species there are of 2 types: ligulate and ray florets, both zygomorphic, with petals fused in a short tube at the lower part and the rest in the shape of a tongue with 5 lobes (true ligulate flowers) or 3 lobes (ray florets), or actinomorphic flowers with a tubular corolla with 5 apical lobes (disc florets). The androecium consists of 5 stamens, free at the filaments, but with coalescent anthers forming a \u00b1 long exserted tube surrounding the style. The ovary is always inferior and the calyx absent or transformed into a pappus formed by hairs, scales or a membranous corona. The fruit is a cypsela (achene produced by an inferior ovary).\r\n\r\nIn North Africa, this family is composed of 124 species, the vast majority herbaceous. The species of the genera Pluchea <\/strong>and Warionia <\/strong>can become arborescent, but in general all the woody species are small shrubs or subshrubs. All genera with woody species, whether shrubs or subshrubs with more of 50 cm, have been included in the following key.","post_excerpt":"","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 08:58:22","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 08:58:22","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"compositae-giseke","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-07-10 17:43:39","post_modified_gmt":"2021-07-10 17:43:39","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/family\/compositae-giseke\/","menu_order":0,"post_type":"family","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","comments":false,"id":10974}},"species":{"13506":{"short_name":"Sonchus pinnatifidus","name_html":"Sonchus pinnatifidus<\/strong> Cav.","short_description":"","common_names":"","other_name":"Spa<\/em>.: Cerraj\u00f3n.\u00a0\u00a0 Ara<\/em>.:\/Tam<\/em>.: Tifaf.","flowering":"March to May.","fruiting":"May to July.","habitat":"Rupicolous, found in littoral cliffs and inland.","distribution":"Endemic to the Canary Islands (La Graciosa, Lanzarote and Fuerteventura) and western Morocco. In Morocco it is found from the area between Saf\u00ed and Dr\u00e2a River, up to the western region of the Anti-Atlas.","observations":"S. pinnatifidus<\/em> belongs to the Macaronesian element, since it is part of the subgenus Dendrosonchus<\/em> Sch.Bip., composed of about 20 subshrubby or shrubby woody species, all but this one endemic to the Canary Islands (16 species) and Madeira (3 species).","conservation":"Rare species and with a small distribution area. Currently, it has not been assessed at a global level in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species<\/em>.","genus":[{"ID":"11062","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:13","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:13","post_content":"Genus composed of about 130 species from Eurasia, Africa and Oceania. In North Africa it is represented by 13 annual or biennial herbaceous species, except one, S. pinnatifidus<\/strong><\/a>, which is a shrub up to 2(2.5) m in height.","post_title":"Sonchus L.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"sonchus-l-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-09-19 20:38:57","post_modified_gmt":"2021-09-19 20:38:57","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/sonchus-l-2\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"993","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11062","trid":"114028","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11062"}],"images":[{"ID":"28858","post_author":"1","post_date":"2021-01-04 14:05:58","post_date_gmt":"2021-01-04 14:05:58","post_content":"","post_title":"Sonchus pinnatifidus. 1. Jes\u00fas Charco","post_excerpt":"Sonchus pinnatifidus. Twig with leaves and flowers. Jes\u00fas Charco.","post_status":"inherit","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"sonchus-pinnatifidus-1-jesus-charco-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-10-27 08:54:35","post_modified_gmt":"2021-10-27 08:54:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"13506","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Sonchus-pinnatifidus.-1.-Jesus-Charco.jpg","menu_order":"0","post_type":"attachment","post_mime_type":"image\/jpeg","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"20748","element_type":"post_attachment","element_id":"28858","trid":"119516","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"28858"},{"ID":"28860","post_author":"1","post_date":"2021-01-04 14:06:00","post_date_gmt":"2021-01-04 14:06:00","post_content":"","post_title":"Sonchus pinnatifidus. 2. Fouad Msanda. Teline","post_excerpt":"Sonchus pinnatifidus. General aspect with leaves and infruitescences. Fouad Msanda. Teline.","post_status":"inherit","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"sonchus-pinnatifidus-2-fouad-msanda-teline-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-10-27 08:54:35","post_modified_gmt":"2021-10-27 08:54:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"13506","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Sonchus-pinnatifidus.-2.-Fouad-Msanda.-Teline.jpg","menu_order":"0","post_type":"attachment","post_mime_type":"image\/jpeg","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"20750","element_type":"post_attachment","element_id":"28860","trid":"119517","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"28860"}],"map_legend":"","kml":false,"zone_1":"[\" -10.34165441002295,29.21753978383401\",\" -10.32047029916492,29.1589540687753\",\" -10.29408354911647,29.06672217628744\",\" 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Leaves alternate, glabrous, arranged in rosettes on upper parts of the branches, up to 16 \u00d7 7 cm, petiolate, with leaf blade elliptic or oblanceolate, pinnatifid, with segments alternate, oblong-lanceolate, wide, acute and mucronate. Capitula pedunculate, up to 2 cm in diameter, grouped in broad lax terminal corymbs, peduncle with some bracteiform leaves and thickened in the upper part. Involucre ovoid, with several rows of imbricate bracts, narrowly ovate or linear, acute. Receptacle bare, without scales or hairs. Flowers all ligulate, numerous, deep yellow. Achenes oblongish, slightly compressed, with pappus formed by 2 rows of long scabrid hairs.","post_excerpt":"","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 10:09:20","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 10:09:20","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"sonchus-pinnatifidus-cav","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-10-27 08:54:35","post_modified_gmt":"2021-10-27 08:54:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/species\/sonchus-pinnatifidus-cav\/","menu_order":0,"post_type":"species","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","comments":false,"id":13506}},"groups_keys":[],"title_groups_keys":[],"groups_keys_2":[],"title_groups_keys_2":[],"groups_keys_3":[],"title_groups_keys_3":[],"images":false,"ID":11062,"post_title":"Sonchus L.","post_content":"Genus composed of about 130 species from Eurasia, Africa and Oceania. In North Africa it is represented by 13 annual or biennial herbaceous species, except one, S. pinnatifidus<\/strong><\/a>, which is a shrub up to 2(2.5) m in height.","post_excerpt":"","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:13","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:13","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"sonchus-l-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-09-19 20:38:57","post_modified_gmt":"2021-09-19 20:38:57","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":[],"guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/sonchus-l-2\/","menu_order":0,"post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","comments":false,"id":11062}],"images":[{"ID":"28858","post_author":"1","post_date":"2021-01-04 14:05:58","post_date_gmt":"2021-01-04 14:05:58","post_content":"","post_title":"Sonchus pinnatifidus. 1. Jes\u00fas Charco","post_excerpt":"Sonchus pinnatifidus. Twig with leaves and flowers. Jes\u00fas Charco.","post_status":"inherit","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"sonchus-pinnatifidus-1-jesus-charco-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-10-27 08:54:35","post_modified_gmt":"2021-10-27 08:54:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"13506","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Sonchus-pinnatifidus.-1.-Jesus-Charco.jpg","menu_order":"0","post_type":"attachment","post_mime_type":"image\/jpeg","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"20748","element_type":"post_attachment","element_id":"28858","trid":"119516","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"28858"},{"ID":"28860","post_author":"1","post_date":"2021-01-04 14:06:00","post_date_gmt":"2021-01-04 14:06:00","post_content":"","post_title":"Sonchus pinnatifidus. 2. Fouad Msanda. Teline","post_excerpt":"Sonchus pinnatifidus. General aspect with leaves and infruitescences. Fouad Msanda. Teline.","post_status":"inherit","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"sonchus-pinnatifidus-2-fouad-msanda-teline-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-10-27 08:54:35","post_modified_gmt":"2021-10-27 08:54:35","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"13506","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Sonchus-pinnatifidus.-2.-Fouad-Msanda.-Teline.jpg","menu_order":"0","post_type":"attachment","post_mime_type":"image\/jpeg","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"20750","element_type":"post_attachment","element_id":"28860","trid":"119517","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"28860"}],"map_legend":"","kml":false,"zone_1":"[\" -10.34165441002295,29.21753978383401\",\" -10.32047029916492,29.1589540687753\",\" -10.29408354911647,29.06672217628744\",\" 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content=\"Sonchus pinnatifidus Cav. - North Africa Trees\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Shrub, laticiferous, up to 2(2.5) m in height, with woody stems at the base and tortuous branches, fragile, with white bark. Leaves alternate, glabrous, arranged in rosettes on upper parts of the branches, up to 16 \u00d7 7 cm, petiolate, with leaf blade elliptic or oblanceolate, pinnatifid, with segments alternate, oblong-lanceolate, wide, acute and mucronate....\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/en\/species\/sonchus-pinnatifidus-cav\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"North Africa Trees\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-10-27T08:54:35+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\">\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/#organization\",\"name\":\"North \\u00e1frica trees\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/\",\"sameAs\":[],\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/#logo\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/logo-north-africa-trees.png\",\"width\":80,\"height\":70,\"caption\":\"North \\u00e1frica trees\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/#logo\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/\",\"name\":\"North Africa Trees\",\"description\":\"\\u00c1rboles y arbustos aut\\u00f3ctonos del Norte de \\u00c1frica\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/?s={search_term_string}\",\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/en\/species\/sonchus-pinnatifidus-cav\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/en\/species\/sonchus-pinnatifidus-cav\/\",\"name\":\"Sonchus pinnatifidus Cav. - North Africa Trees\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2020-11-10T10:09:20+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-10-27T08:54:35+00:00\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/en\/species\/sonchus-pinnatifidus-cav\/\"]}]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/species\/13506"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/species"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/species"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13506"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}