{"id":12033,"date":"2020-11-10T10:07:23","date_gmt":"2020-11-10T10:07:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/species\/fredolia-aretioides-moq-coss-ex-bunge-ulbr\/"},"modified":"2022-10-13T17:24:30","modified_gmt":"2022-10-13T17:24:30","slug":"fredolia-aretioides-moq-coss-ex-bunge-ulbr","status":"publish","type":"species","link":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/en\/species\/fredolia-aretioides-moq-coss-ex-bunge-ulbr\/","title":{"rendered":"Fredolia aretioides (Moq. & Coss. ex Bunge) Ulbr."},"content":{"rendered":"

Evergreen subshrub, hermaphrodite, extremely dense, hemispherical, usually with sand embedded between the leaves and branchlets, which gives it the appearance (and hardness) of a rounded rock (in the Jebel Bani, N of Aouinet Torkoz, it adopts a curious prostrate and elongated shape). In the more humid and sheltered areas, it can reach up to 1 m in height and 1.5 in diameter at the base, but it usually does not exceed 0.5 m in height. Very ramose from the base. Branches abundant, bark greyish-brown and then whitish. Branchlets extremely dense, tight against each other, very short (2-5 cm), with such short internodes that are hardly seen between the leaves. Leaves (4-7 \u00d7 1-3 mm) opposite, amplexicaul, fused, very dense, almost imbricate, ovate-lanceolate, trigone, ending in a spinescent mucro slightly curved backwards, fleshy, glabrous except at the base where they have lanate hairs, green-whitish in colour, glaucescent. Flowers hermaphrodite, solitary, axillary, arranged in small groups (2-5) at the end of the branchlets. Perianth with 5 membranous subequal parts, oval, obtuse. Fruit a berry with a seed shaped as a spiral, arranged vertically. Fruit perianth with 5 parts, each with a wing, whitish to purple.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","short_name":"Fredolia aretioides","name_html":"Fredolia aretioides<\/strong> (Moq. & Coss. ex Bunge) Ulbr.","short_description":"","common_names":"Anabasis aretioides <\/em>Moq. & Coss. ex Bunge","other_name":"Fre<\/em>.: Chou-fleur de Bou-Hammama.\u00a0\u00a0 Ara<\/em>.: Dega, amama, achnud, sellae, akennud, takkay.","flowering":"August to November.","fruiting":"September to December.","habitat":"Stony, sandy or silty soils in hamadas, in desert and subdesert environment.","distribution":"Endemic to north-western Sahara. Towards the N \u2014in Morocco\u2014 it reaches the upper valley of Ziz, between Er-Rich and Assoul. In Algeria, in the Beni Unif region, Bechar, the Guir Hamada in the Beni Abbes region and in the hamadas between the mountains of Ugartha, becoming much rarer towards the NE, where it reaches S of Aures, close to the Tunisian border. Towards the S it has been cited in Mali.","observations":"","conservation":"In the past it used to be a common species, with large specimens covering vast tracts of land in SE Morocco, but an abusive harvest of this species (we have seen whole truck loads) is disappearing this spectacular landscape. Large specimens are almost all gone and today it is an increasingly rare species. Currently, it has not been assessed at a global level in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species<\/em>.","genus":[{"short_name":"Fredolia","name_html":"Fredolia<\/strong> (Bunge) Ulbr.","short_description":"","references":"","custom_author":"G. Ben\u00edtez & J. Molero Mesa.","family":{"10791":{"name_html":"AMARANTHACEAE <\/strong>Juss.","short_name":"AMARANTHACEAE","short_description":"","references":"Aellen, P. 1960. Chenopodiaceae<\/em>. in Heigi, G., Illustrierte Flora von Mittel-Europa.<\/em> ed. 2, 3: 533-747.\r\n\r\nBoulos, L. 1996. Chenopodiaceae<\/em>. in: Miller, A.G. &. Cope, T. A (eds). Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra<\/em>, 1: 233-283. Edinburgh.\r\n\r\nFreitag, H. et al<\/em>. Chenopodiaceae<\/em>. in: Flora of Pakistan. Efloras.org.\r\n\r\nEl Oualidi, J., Khamar, H., Fennane, M. et al<\/em>., 2012. Checklist des end\u00e9miques et sp\u00e9cimens types de la flore vasculaire de l'Afrique du Nord<\/em>. Rabat : Institut Scientifique, Universite Mohammed V-Agdal.","custom_author":"G. Ben\u00edtez & J. Molero Mesa.","genuses":[{"ID":"11744","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:59","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:59","post_content":"Genus represented in North Africa by a single species, A. javanica<\/strong><\/a>, a shrublet of Saharan-tropical Distribution.","post_title":"Aerva Forssk.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"aerva-forssk-3","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-09-14 18:37:55","post_modified_gmt":"2021-09-14 18:37:55","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/aerva-forssk-3\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1675","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11744","trid":"114255","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11744"},{"ID":"11702","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:56","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:56","post_content":"Genus endemic to North Africa, composed of a single species, F. aretioides<\/strong><\/a>, of Saharan Distribution.","post_title":"Fredolia (Bunge) Ulbr.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"fredolia-bunge-ulbr-3","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-09-14 20:38:06","post_modified_gmt":"2021-09-14 20:38:06","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/fredolia-bunge-ulbr-3\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1633","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11702","trid":"114241","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11702"},{"ID":"11732","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:58","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:58","post_content":"Genus with only 1 species in North Africa, H. strobilaceum<\/strong><\/a>, distributed throughout the drier steppic area and the Sahara.","post_title":"Halocnemum M. Bieb.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"halocnemum-m-bieb-3","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2026-05-28 17:19:19","post_modified_gmt":"2026-05-28 17:19:19","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/halocnemum-m-bieb-3\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1663","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11732","trid":"114251","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11732"},{"ID":"11708","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:56","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:56","post_content":"Genus close to Hammada<\/em>, represented in the region by a single species, H. persicum<\/strong><\/a>, from central and SW Asia, reaching Egypt through the W.","post_title":"Haloxylon Bunge","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"haloxylon-bunge-3","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-09-14 20:30:54","post_modified_gmt":"2021-09-14 20:30:54","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/haloxylon-bunge-3\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1639","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11708","trid":"114243","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11708"},{"ID":"11711","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:57","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:57","post_content":"Genus with a somewhat confusing taxonomic name. For several authors it should be kept as such (e.g. Chatelain & Dobignard, ISFAN<\/em> 2011) but for others it should be included in under Haloxylon<\/em> Bunge (The Plant List<\/em>, 2012). It has 4 species in North Africa, distributed across dry areas of the Mediterranean and the Sahara. Of these the smallest is H. negevensis<\/strong> Iljin & Zohary [Haloxylon negevensis<\/em> (Iljin & Zohary) Boulos], subshrub up to 0.4 m in height, easily distinguished by its general velvety\u00a0 or canescent appearance, long articles and its longer leaves, deciduous. Present in the Sinai (Egypt), Palestine and Israel, In the Red List of vascular plants of Egypt (Flora Aegyptiaca <\/em>Vol 1, 2000) H. negevensis<\/em> is listed as \u201cIndeterminate\u201d.","post_title":"Hammada Iljin","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"hammada-iljin-3","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-12-02 18:06:34","post_modified_gmt":"2021-12-02 18:06:34","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/hammada-iljin-3\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1642","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11711","trid":"114244","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11711"},{"ID":"11735","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:59","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:59","post_content":"Genus comprised of a single species in North Africa, K. ceratoides<\/strong><\/a>, a shrublet of the Eurasian steppes, very rare and threatened to the S and W of the Mediterranean.","post_title":"Krascheninnikovia Gueldenst.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"krascheninnikovia-gueldenst-3","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-09-14 19:35:31","post_modified_gmt":"2021-09-14 19:35:31","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/krascheninnikovia-gueldenst-3\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1666","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11735","trid":"114252","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11735"},{"ID":"11690","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:55","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:55","post_content":"Genus represented in North Africa by a single species, N. mucronata<\/strong><\/a>, distributed throughout the driest areas of the Mediterranean region (steppic areas).","post_title":"Noaea Moq.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"noaea-moq-3","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-09-14 20:45:30","post_modified_gmt":"2021-09-14 20:45:30","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/noaea-moq-3\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1621","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11690","trid":"114237","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11690"},{"ID":"11717","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:57","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:57","post_content":"Genus represented in North Africa by a single species, N. perrinii<\/strong><\/a>, of Saharan Distribution.","post_title":"Nucularia Batt.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"nucularia-batt-3","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-09-14 19:50:23","post_modified_gmt":"2021-09-14 19:50:23","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/nucularia-batt-3\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1648","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11717","trid":"114246","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11717"},{"ID":"11714","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:57","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:57","post_content":"Complex genus in which, despite the absence of a global taxonomic treatment, its species have been studied in depth from the morphological, physiological, anatomical, biochemical and molecular point of view. It has been suggested that this group should be considered more like a group of genera rather than as a monophyletic natural group (Hernandez-Ledesma et al.<\/em>, 2015. 342). Therefore, some databases consider valid genera such as Caroxylon <\/em>Thunb., especially since the publication by Akhani et al. <\/em>2007, or Nitrosalsola <\/em>Tzvelev, after Feodorova 2015, based on morphological and phylogenetic aspects. In various Floras and studies Salsola <\/em>is maintained, including sections or subsections like Salsola<\/em>, Darniella, Caroxylon, Vermiculatae, Tetragona,<\/em> etc.\r\n\r\nOn the other hand, the great morphological variability of the species, already large even within the same species, is altered by the extreme environmental conditions in which they grow (salinity of the substrate, aridity that can be extreme); these environmental conditions apparently modify the plant\u2019s appearance (leaf length, indumentum, inflorescences, etc.). For this reason, various authors argue for the validity of many taxa that have been described.\r\n\r\nSo the correct identification of the different species is not without serious problems given the great morphological similarity between them, making the status of many of them uncertain (Freitag, 1997; Klopper & Van Wyk, 2001; Mosyakin, 2003, Schutze et al. <\/em>2003). Thus, there are two points of view when defining a species: a synthesising approach, that defends the concept of mega species (Freitag, 1997), and an analytic approach, whose greatest exponent is the Russian botanist V. P. Botschantzev, who has proposed the concept of microspecies (Akhani et al. <\/em>2007).\r\n\r\nIn North Africa there are almost fifty species, most of them shrublets that barely exceed 1 m in height, rarely shrubs up to 2.5 m. They are distributed across most of the region.\r\n\r\nIn addition to the clearly autochthonous species discussed here, it is worth mentioning 2 more species:<\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\n S. genistoides<\/em> Juss. ex Poir. (Caroxylon tamariscifolium<\/em> Moq.), with curious general broom-like or spathaceous appearance; stems strongly striated with linear and usually long leaves, up to 25 mm, but in certain specimens can be very short (3-25 \u00d7 0.5-1 mm), promptly deciduous; inflorescence in a characteristic terminal panicle or spike. It grows on loamy, subsaline terrain, in arid and semiarid environments in SE Spain. It has been cited in Morocco, although there are doubts about its presence in the region.\r\n\r\n S. paletzkiana<\/em> Litv, shrub up to 4 m high, leaves filiform, narrow and very long (4-10 cm), alternate; flowers solitary in the leaf axil and fruit perianth up to 25 mm in diameter. It is native to Turkestan but it has been introduced and is now naturalised at least in several Algerian oasis.","post_title":"Salsola L.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"salsola-l-3","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-09-14 19:56:36","post_modified_gmt":"2021-09-14 19:56:36","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/salsola-l-3\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1645","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11714","trid":"114245","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11714"},{"ID":"11726","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:58","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:58","post_content":"Genus with 2 species in North Africa, S. fruticosa<\/strong> and S. perennis<\/strong>. The first one is a shrublet with very woody stems, widely distributed throughout the region, and the latter is a suffrutex of only 10-30 cm in height that grows mainly in the Mediterranean region, with a subspecies larger in size.","post_title":"Sarcocornia A.J. Scott","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"sarcocornia-a-j-scott-3","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-04-25 17:42:34","post_modified_gmt":"2021-04-25 17:42:34","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/sarcocornia-a-j-scott-3\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1657","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11726","trid":"114249","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11726"},{"ID":"11729","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:58","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:58","post_content":"Genus traditionally represented by a single species in North Africa, A. macrostachyum<\/strong>, but 2 new species have recently been differentiated. All of them from coastal or inland saline and hypersaline environments. Species in this genus have traditionally been included in the genus Arthrocnemum<\/em> Moq.","post_title":"Arthrocaulon Piirainen & G.Kadereit","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"arthrocnemum-moq-3","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2022-12-30 17:23:53","post_modified_gmt":"2022-12-30 17:23:53","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/arthrocnemum-moq-3\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1660","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11729","trid":"114250","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11729"}],"groups_keys":[{"ID":"20462","post_author":"1","post_date":"2021-01-07 08:32:22","post_date_gmt":"2021-01-07 08:32:22","post_content":"","post_title":"Stems and branches articulated with very small leaves, almost non-existent, opposite, \u00b1 squamiform, born at the nodes","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"stems-and-branches-articulated-with-very-small-leaves-almost-non-existent-opposite-%c2%b1-squamiform-born-at-the-nodes","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-01-07 08:32:22","post_modified_gmt":"2021-01-07 08:32:22","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/family-group-key\/stems-and-branches-articulated-with-very-small-leaves-almost-non-existent-opposite-%c2%b1-squamiform-born-at-the-nodes\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"family_group_key","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"311","element_type":"post_family_group_key","element_id":"20462","trid":"116647","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"20462"},{"ID":"20465","post_author":"1","post_date":"2021-01-07 08:32:23","post_date_gmt":"2021-01-07 08:32:23","post_content":"","post_title":"21Stems and branches unarticulated. Leaves well developed, alternate or opposite, not squamiform","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"21stems-and-branches-unarticulated-leaves-well-developed-alternate-or-opposite-not-squamiform","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-01-07 08:32:23","post_modified_gmt":"2021-01-07 08:32:23","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/family-group-key\/21stems-and-branches-unarticulated-leaves-well-developed-alternate-or-opposite-not-squamiform\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"family_group_key","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"314","element_type":"post_family_group_key","element_id":"20465","trid":"116648","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"20465"},{"ID":"20468","post_author":"1","post_date":"2021-01-07 08:32:24","post_date_gmt":"2021-01-07 08:32:24","post_content":"","post_title":"Fruit perianth winged. Flowers with 5 stamens. Plants of \u00b1arid, desert zones, not salty","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"fruit-perianth-winged-flowers-with-1-2-stamens-plants-of-%c2%b1arid-desert-zones-not-salty","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2023-05-11 16:08:39","post_modified_gmt":"2023-05-11 16:08:39","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/family-group-key\/fruit-perianth-winged-flowers-with-1-2-stamens-plants-of-%c2%b1arid-desert-zones-not-salty\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"family_group_key","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"317","element_type":"post_family_group_key","element_id":"20468","trid":"116649","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"20468"},{"ID":"20471","post_author":"1","post_date":"2021-01-07 08:32:24","post_date_gmt":"2021-01-07 08:32:24","post_content":"","post_title":"Fruit perianth not winged. 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Branchlets generally thick (1.5-4.5 mm in diameter)","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"seed-vertical-in-the-fruit-branchlets-generally-thick-1-5-4-5-mm-in-diameter","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-03-18 11:06:39","post_modified_gmt":"2021-03-18 11:06:39","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/?post_type=family_group_key&p=36410","menu_order":"0","post_type":"family_group_key","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"29425","element_type":"post_family_group_key","element_id":"36410","trid":"578304","language_code":"en","source_language_code":null,"id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"36410"},{"ID":"42864","post_author":"2","post_date":"2021-10-11 18:24:31","post_date_gmt":"2021-10-11 18:24:31","post_content":"","post_title":"Leaves perfoliate, subglobose, give the appearance of articulated stems","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"leaves-perfoliate-subglobose-give-the-appearance-of-articulated-stems","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-10-11 18:24:31","post_modified_gmt":"2021-10-11 18:24:31","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/?post_type=family_group_key&p=42864","menu_order":"0","post_type":"family_group_key","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"34623","element_type":"post_family_group_key","element_id":"42864","trid":"653655","language_code":"en","source_language_code":null,"id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"42864"}],"title_groups_keys":false,"images":false,"phylogenetic_order":"19","ID":10791,"post_title":"AMARANTHACEAE Juss.","post_content":"Family comprised of 178 genera and about 2,050 species of herbaceous and shrubby plants, rarely arborescent, distributed through tropical, subtropical and temperate regions of the planet. In North Africa it is well represented, with 24 genera with more or less woody species.In 4 of these genera there are only subshrubs, \u00b1 woody, at least at the base, usually less than 0.5 m in height, they are the following:\r\n\r\nSevada<\/strong> Moq. Monotypic genus represented by S. schimperi <\/strong>Moq., a subshrub, glabrous or papery, up to 40 cm in height with small fleshy leaves (2-15 \u00d7 1-2 mm) with a tuft of hairs at the axils and hardened at the base, and small flowers with perianth 1 mm, arranged in axillary groups of 3-10 in a spike or panicle. It grows along dry riverbeds and areas of coastal sands in Egypt, Arabia, Sudan, Ethiopia and Somalia.\r\n\r\nCamphorosma<\/strong> L. Genus with a single species in North Africa, C. monspeliaca <\/strong>L., with leaves alternate, linear, rigid, flowers with only 4 stamens and fruit perianth wingless. Very restricted in the region: Morocco [Boulmane (Middle Atlas)], Tunisia [Ghardimau (Medjerda Valley)] and NW far end of Libya (west of Tripoli). It has been cited in Algeria.\r\n\r\nBassia <\/strong>All. Genus represented in North Africa by 10 species, mostly annuals but with some subshrubs. B. prostrata<\/strong> (L.) Beck [Salsola prostrata<\/em> L., Kochia prostrata<\/em> (L.) Schrad.] with alternate leaves, not fleshy, linear, almost acicular and fruit perianth parts with such small wings that they do not touch each other; very rare plant in the region, only known in Morocco, south of Anoceur (Middle Atlas) and at its NE extreme, south of Sa\u00efdia, and in Algeria, in the steppes of the NW<\/span><\/span><\/span>. B. tomentosa<\/strong> (Lowe) Maire & Weiller [Suaeda tomentosa<\/em> Lowe, Chenolea tomentosa<\/em> (Lowe) Maire, Ch. canariensis<\/em> Moq., Ch. lanata<\/em> (Masson) Moq., Salsola lanata<\/em> Masson], with alternate leaves, villous, semicylindrical, linear-lanceolate and wingless fruit perianth; it grows in the Macaronesian Atlantic regions, from the western foothills of the High Atlas to the R\u00edo de Oro. B<\/strong>. arabica<\/strong> (Boiss.) Maire & Weiller [Chenolea arabica<\/em> Boiss., Chenoleoides arabica<\/em> (Boiss.) Botsch.]. With oblong-linear leaves, the upper ones oblong or oval, obtuse, often glabrescent, the lower ones downy; with a characteristic downy-woolly fruiting perianth. It lives in the semi-desert and desert areas of NE Libya, Egypt, the Middle East and the Arabian Peninsula.\r\n\r\nAgathophora<\/strong> (Fenzl) Bunge. Monotypic genus represented by A. alopecurioides<\/strong> (Delile) Fenzl ex Bunge [Salsola alopecurioides<\/em> Delile, Halogeton alopecurioides<\/em> (Delile) Moq., Agathophora algeriensis <\/em>Botsch.] (Ara<\/em>.: Hamad sha\u2019aran) a ramose subshrub, up to 50 cm in height, leaves alternate, cylindrical, obtuse, with a small rigid spine at the tip and winged fruit perianth; it is a uncommon plant, but can be found in almost all Saharan and pre-Saharan regions of North Africa, reaching almost to the Mediterranean in Saka (N of Guercif) along the Muluya depression in Morocco. In the eastern Moroccan steppes it can become abundant. Towards the E through Tunisia and Egypt (desert areas and the Sinai Peninsula) up to Pakistan.\r\n\r\nThese species are somewhat common, and in principle none are considered threatened. Currently, they have not been assessed at a global level on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species<\/em>.","post_excerpt":"","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 08:58:13","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 08:58:13","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"amaranthaceae-juss","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2026-06-01 17:26:32","post_modified_gmt":"2026-06-01 17:26:32","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/family\/amaranthaceae-juss\/","menu_order":0,"post_type":"family","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","comments":false,"id":10791}},"species":{"12033":{"short_name":"Fredolia aretioides","name_html":"Fredolia aretioides<\/strong> (Moq. & Coss. ex Bunge) Ulbr.","short_description":"","common_names":"Anabasis aretioides <\/em>Moq. & Coss. ex Bunge","other_name":"Fre<\/em>.: Chou-fleur de Bou-Hammama.\u00a0\u00a0 Ara<\/em>.: Dega, amama, achnud, sellae, akennud, takkay.","flowering":"August to November.","fruiting":"September to December.","habitat":"Stony, sandy or silty soils in hamadas, in desert and subdesert environment.","distribution":"Endemic to north-western Sahara. Towards the N \u2014in Morocco\u2014 it reaches the upper valley of Ziz, between Er-Rich and Assoul. In Algeria, in the Beni Unif region, Bechar, the Guir Hamada in the Beni Abbes region and in the hamadas between the mountains of Ugartha, becoming much rarer towards the NE, where it reaches S of Aures, close to the Tunisian border. Towards the S it has been cited in Mali.","observations":"","conservation":"In the past it used to be a common species, with large specimens covering vast tracts of land in SE Morocco, but an abusive harvest of this species (we have seen whole truck loads) is disappearing this spectacular landscape. Large specimens are almost all gone and today it is an increasingly rare species. Currently, it has not been assessed at a global level in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species<\/em>.","genus":[{"ID":"11702","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:56","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:56","post_content":"Genus endemic to North Africa, composed of a single species, F. aretioides<\/strong><\/a>, of Saharan Distribution.","post_title":"Fredolia (Bunge) Ulbr.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"fredolia-bunge-ulbr-3","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-09-14 20:38:06","post_modified_gmt":"2021-09-14 20:38:06","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"0","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/fredolia-bunge-ulbr-3\/","menu_order":"0","post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"1633","element_type":"post_genus","element_id":"11702","trid":"114241","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"11702"}],"images":[{"ID":"27156","post_author":"1","post_date":"2021-01-04 13:25:24","post_date_gmt":"2021-01-04 13:25:24","post_content":"","post_title":"Fredolia aretioides. 3. Jos\u00e9 Quiles","post_excerpt":"Fredolia aretioides. Terminal part of the twigs, with leaves. Jos\u00e9 Quiles","post_status":"inherit","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"fredolia-aretioides-3-jose-quiles-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2022-10-13 17:24:30","post_modified_gmt":"2022-10-13 17:24:30","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"12033","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Fredolia-aretioides.-3.-Jose-Quiles.jpg","menu_order":"0","post_type":"attachment","post_mime_type":"image\/jpeg","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"19046","element_type":"post_attachment","element_id":"27156","trid":"118665","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"27156"},{"ID":"27158","post_author":"1","post_date":"2021-01-04 13:25:24","post_date_gmt":"2021-01-04 13:25:24","post_content":"","post_title":"Fredolia aretioides. 4. Abdelmonaim H. Bakali. 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Abdelmonaim H. Bakali. Teline","post_excerpt":"Fredolia aretioides. Leaves and fruits (berries). Abdelmonaim H. Bakali. 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Jes\u00fas Charco","post_excerpt":"Fredolia aretioides. Leaves and fruits (berries). Very compact aspect on sandy grounds. Jes\u00fas Charco","post_status":"inherit","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"fredolia-aretioides-6-jesus-charco-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2022-10-13 17:24:30","post_modified_gmt":"2022-10-13 17:24:30","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"12033","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Fredolia-aretioides.-6.-Jesus-Charco.jpg","menu_order":"0","post_type":"attachment","post_mime_type":"image\/jpeg","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"19052","element_type":"post_attachment","element_id":"27162","trid":"118668","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"27162"},{"ID":"27164","post_author":"1","post_date":"2021-01-04 13:25:25","post_date_gmt":"2021-01-04 13:25:25","post_content":"","post_title":"Fredolia aretioides. 8. Abdelmonaim H. Bakali. Teline","post_excerpt":"Fredolia aretioides. Large formations in semi-desert areas around Buarfa (Morocco). Abdelmonaim H. Bakali. 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In the more humid and sheltered areas, it can reach up to 1 m in height and 1.5 in diameter at the base, but it usually does not exceed 0.5 m in height. Very ramose from the base. Branches abundant, bark greyish-brown and then whitish. Branchlets extremely dense, tight against each other, very short (2-5 cm), with such short internodes that are hardly seen between the leaves. Leaves (4-7 \u00d7 1-3 mm) opposite, amplexicaul, fused, very dense, almost imbricate, ovate-lanceolate, trigone, ending in a spinescent mucro slightly curved backwards, fleshy, glabrous except at the base where they have lanate hairs, green-whitish in colour, glaucescent. Flowers hermaphrodite, solitary, axillary, arranged in small groups (2-5) at the end of the branchlets. Perianth with 5 membranous subequal parts, oval, obtuse. Fruit a berry with a seed shaped as a spiral, arranged vertically. Fruit perianth with 5 parts, each with a wing, whitish to purple.","post_excerpt":"","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 10:07:23","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 10:07:23","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"fredolia-aretioides-moq-coss-ex-bunge-ulbr","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2022-10-13 17:24:30","post_modified_gmt":"2022-10-13 17:24:30","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/species\/fredolia-aretioides-moq-coss-ex-bunge-ulbr\/","menu_order":0,"post_type":"species","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","comments":false,"id":12033}},"groups_keys":[],"title_groups_keys":[],"groups_keys_2":[],"title_groups_keys_2":[],"groups_keys_3":[],"title_groups_keys_3":[],"images":false,"ID":11702,"post_title":"Fredolia (Bunge) Ulbr.","post_content":"Genus endemic to North Africa, composed of a single species, F. aretioides<\/strong><\/a>, of Saharan Distribution.","post_excerpt":"","post_author":"1","post_date":"2020-11-10 09:01:56","post_date_gmt":"2020-11-10 09:01:56","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"fredolia-bunge-ulbr-3","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2021-09-14 20:38:06","post_modified_gmt":"2021-09-14 20:38:06","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":[],"guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/genus\/fredolia-bunge-ulbr-3\/","menu_order":0,"post_type":"genus","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","comments":false,"id":11702}],"images":[{"ID":"27156","post_author":"1","post_date":"2021-01-04 13:25:24","post_date_gmt":"2021-01-04 13:25:24","post_content":"","post_title":"Fredolia aretioides. 3. Jos\u00e9 Quiles","post_excerpt":"Fredolia aretioides. Terminal part of the twigs, with leaves. Jos\u00e9 Quiles","post_status":"inherit","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"fredolia-aretioides-3-jose-quiles-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2022-10-13 17:24:30","post_modified_gmt":"2022-10-13 17:24:30","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"12033","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Fredolia-aretioides.-3.-Jose-Quiles.jpg","menu_order":"0","post_type":"attachment","post_mime_type":"image\/jpeg","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"19046","element_type":"post_attachment","element_id":"27156","trid":"118665","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"27156"},{"ID":"27158","post_author":"1","post_date":"2021-01-04 13:25:24","post_date_gmt":"2021-01-04 13:25:24","post_content":"","post_title":"Fredolia aretioides. 4. Abdelmonaim H. Bakali. Teline","post_excerpt":"Fredolia aretioides. Leaves and flowers. Abdelmonaim H. Bakali. 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Abdelmonaim H. Bakali. Teline","post_excerpt":"Fredolia aretioides. Leaves and fruits (berries). Abdelmonaim H. Bakali. 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Jes\u00fas Charco","post_excerpt":"Fredolia aretioides. Leaves and fruits (berries). Very compact aspect on sandy grounds. Jes\u00fas Charco","post_status":"inherit","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"fredolia-aretioides-6-jesus-charco-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2022-10-13 17:24:30","post_modified_gmt":"2022-10-13 17:24:30","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"12033","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Fredolia-aretioides.-6.-Jesus-Charco.jpg","menu_order":"0","post_type":"attachment","post_mime_type":"image\/jpeg","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"19052","element_type":"post_attachment","element_id":"27162","trid":"118668","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"27162"},{"ID":"27164","post_author":"1","post_date":"2021-01-04 13:25:25","post_date_gmt":"2021-01-04 13:25:25","post_content":"","post_title":"Fredolia aretioides. 8. Abdelmonaim H. Bakali. 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Teline","post_status":"inherit","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"fredolia-aretioides-8-abdelmonaim-h-bakali-teline-2","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2022-10-13 17:24:30","post_modified_gmt":"2022-10-13 17:24:30","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":"12033","guid":"https:\/\/www.northafricatrees.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Fredolia-aretioides.-8.-Abdelmonaim-H.-Bakali.-Teline.jpg","menu_order":"0","post_type":"attachment","post_mime_type":"image\/jpeg","comment_count":"0","translation_id":"19054","element_type":"post_attachment","element_id":"27164","trid":"118669","language_code":"en","source_language_code":"es","id":"1","code":"en","english_name":"English","major":"1","active":"1","default_locale":"en_US","tag":"en","encode_url":"0","pod_item_id":"27164"},{"ID":"43771","post_author":"2","post_date":"2022-10-12 19:03:47","post_date_gmt":"2022-10-12 19:03:47","post_content":"","post_title":"Fredolia aretioides. 2. 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